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TOWNSHIP OF HADSTON. |
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Hadston Township |
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The small barony held of the king in
chief as one knight's fee of ancient feoffment,
N which had for its
caput the vill of Hadston, was
created by Henry I. and bestowed on Ralph de Wirecester. Its co-ordinate
but widely separated members comprised West Swinburn and Colwell on the
North Tyne ; Chirton and Flatworth, near Tynemouth ; and Little Benton,
near Newcastle. The township of Hadston, from which the barony takes its
usual titular designation, abuts on the North Sea and has an area of
1,175 acres. Its arable land (admirably suited for the cultivation of
wheat) is separated from the firm white sands which fringe Druridge Bay
by a strip of link or sand dunes, a valuable store house for the
entomologist and botanist of a variety of little known treasures. During
the present century the population has been almost stationary ; in 1891
it was 78.
N
The scanty information which has been gleaned from all known
sources concerning the connection of the Wirecesters with Northumberland
has already been set out in the account of West Swinburn.
N Ralph de
Wirecester (or de Wigornia), who was in possession of the barony in 1168,
N informed Henry II. that Jordan Heron (who seems to have been
a near kinsman, and who was subsequently his heir) held from him certain
lands (in all probability the township of Hadston) for the service of a
quarter of one knight's fee.
L Ralph de Wirecester granted Flatworth to the prior and
convent of Tynemouth,
N and in 1173 he paid 19s. 6d. for scutage.
N The vill of Hadston is mentioned in the Pleas of the Forest
for Northumberland in 1190 and 1191,
N and in 1195 it was tallaged at 1 mark.
N
The assessment for the Wirecester fee for the first scutage
of King John, amounting to 2 marks, was paid in 1199 by Jordan Heron,
who is described as the heir of Ralph de Wirecester.
N In the following year he paid 20s. into the Treasury, and
owed other 20s. on account of the second and third scutages of the same
king.
N In 1202-1203 there was a suit between Heron and Gilbert
Hansard, who held of him the vill of Chirton,
N and on the 15th of September, 1236, the sheriff of
Northumberland was commanded to make a perambulation between Jordan
Heron's lands in Haddeston and those of East Chevington.
N Jordan Heron's name is inserted in the list of those who, in
1245, paid the aid granted to Henry III. for the marriage of his eldest
daughter.
N He must, however, have died shortly afterwards, for the
Testa de Nevin defines the terms under which he held his barony,
LN and also records the name of the outlying members of the
barony at Swinburn, Colwell, Chirton, Flatworth, and Little Benton, held
from his heir, William Heron.
N
By the terms of its tenure the
barony was bound to build one of the baron's houses within the
castle of Newcastle-upon-Tyne,
N and to provide one of the fifty-six men who formed the
ordinary garrison of that fortress ; the latter obligation by the time
of Henry III. had become commuted for the payment of 13s. 4d. a year.
N On the 29th December, 1251, the king, being at York, granted
to William Heron free warren in all the lands in his manor of Hadston
N
At the Northumberland assizes in 1256 there was a suit
concerning a chest, which, having been thrown up by the sea at Hadston,
had been broken open and its contents abstracted by a certain Ralph, son
of Henry of Amble.
N
William Heron died about the year 1257 seised of the manor of
Hadston, which comprised 317½ acres of arable land and 22 acres of
meadow; there were 36 bovates of land, each of which was bound to make 8
days' works; twelve cottages, each of which had to make 12 days' works,
and the mill was worth 24s. a year. There was also a free tenant who
held 60 acres, and another free tenant who held a bovate of land.
Inq. p.m. Will. Heyrun, 42 Hen. III.
No. 24. Writ, dated Windsor, 20th January, 1257/8. The
inquisition was taken at 'Calcetum' [Cawsey park, cf.
Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 131] on
the Sunday after the 2nd February, 1257/8 ; the jurors say
that William Heyrun held in chief of the king the manor of
Haddeston, ` Et sunt ibidem in dominico xvxx et
xvij acre et dimidia quarum quelibet valet per annum viijd.,
unde summa xli. xjs. viijd. Et in
dominico de prato xxij acre quarum quelibet valet per annum
ijs., unde summa xliiijs. Item, sunt ibidem
xxxvj bovate terre defensabilis quarum quelibet bovata valet
per annum vjs. xjd. ob. unde summa xijli.
xs. vjd. Et preter hoc quelibet bovata facit
per annum viij operaciones et dimidiam que valent viijd. ob.
unde summa xxvs. vjd. Item, est ibi unum molendinum sine
secta debita quia multura dicti molendini computatur in
firmis bondorum et tamen valet per annum xxiiijs.
Item, sunt ibi xij cottarii quorum quilibet reddit per annum
in denarios xij denariis et quilibet facit xij operaciones
quarum quelibet valet per annum xijd. unde summa in
denariis et operacionibus xxiiijs. Item, herbagium
curtilagii valet per annum xijd. Item, est ibidem
unus liber et tenet lx acras terre pro dimidia libra piperis
et pro multura sua dat vs. per annum et alius liber
qui tenet unam bovatam terre per ijd. tantum per
annum. Uncle summa summarum extent. predicti manerii, xxixli
vs. xd. et dimidia libra piperis.'
He holds the said manor by the service of one knight.
Nicholas de Aketon holds of the said William the vill of
Aketon for 1 mark yearly.
The said William holds of dominus Roger Maudut in Bokenfeud
half a carucate of land, worth yearly 50s., and one cottage,
worth yearly 2s. Sum 52s.
He holds of Adam Mansetur, in Thrastereston, 2 acres of
meadow, worth yearly 3s.
William Herun, his son, is heir, aged 18 years on St.
Martin's day last (November 11th, 1257). |
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| He was succeeded by his son, who bore the same
name of William, and was 18 years of age on the 11th of November, 1257.
In an action brought by him in 1277 against Master Adam de Bokingfeud, a
certain Gilbert de Hadeston acted as his attorney.
N His name heads the Subsidy Roll of 1296, and he died at
Newcastle on the Sunday before the 21st of December of the same year,
having survived his only son, Walter Heron. |
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| HADESTON SUBSIDY ROLL, 1296. |
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£. s. d. |
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s. d. |
| Summa bonorum |
domini Willelmi Heyron |
5 8 0 |
unde regi |
9 9¾ |
| " |
Thomae filii Radulphi |
0 15 4 |
" |
1 4¾ |
| " |
Brun filii Walteri |
1 3 10 |
" |
2 2 |
| " |
Willelmi filii Gilberti |
1 1 10 |
" |
1 11¾ |
| " |
Gilberti Flynt |
0 12 0 |
" |
1 1 |
| " |
Roberti Freman |
0 11 0 |
" |
1 0 |
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| Summa hujus
villae £9 12s. Unde
domino regi, 17s. 5½d |
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William Heron must have alienated some of the
lands to which he succeeded on his father's death, for in the
inquisition taken at Newcastle on the 13th of January, 1296/7, it was
found that he died seised of the capital messuage of Hadston worth 2s. a
year, 200 acres of land worth 6d. an acre, and 16 acres of meadow worth
14d. an acre. There were ten bondage holdings which paid £13 9s. 9d.,
and eleven cottages paid 14s. 5d. a year. Robert Freman, whose name
appears in the Subsidy Roll, paid 11d. and a pound of pepper (or 12d.)
for his tenement ;
N the autumn bondage works due from the bondage holdings were
commuted for 19s. 2d., and those from the cottages for 5s. 3d. ; the
windmill was worth 13s. 4d. and 2s. 6d. was received in lieu of mowing
the demesne meadow. Thomas de Fisseburn and his parceners held of Heron
the manor of West Swinburn, Gilbert Umframvill held Colwell, and Adam de
Benton rendered 12d. or a pair of gilt spurs for the manor of Little
Benton. The whole barony was worth £23 a year, and was held of the king
in chief by the service of a knight's fee and the payment of 13s. 4d.
for castle ward at Newcastle. He also held lands and service at
Bockenfield, Acton, and elsewhere.
N His widow, Mary Heron, in 1297,
by the king's order, was given a third part of the manor of Hadston (inter
alia) as her dower,
N which arrangement is recited in an agreement in the
following year made by herself with her husband's kinsman, Gilbert
Heron.
N
Emeline, the only child of Walter Heron,
N and her grandfather's heiress, was at his death six years of
age, and resided at Gissing in Norfolk with Lady Emeline de Hastings.
She was afterwards married to John Darcy of Knayth in Lincolnshire,
probably before 1312, though the name of her grandfather and not that of
her husband stands at the head of the Subsidy Roll of 1312. |
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| HADESTON SUBSIDY ROLL, 1312. |
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£. s. d. |
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s. d. |
| Summa bonorum |
Willelmi Heyron |
6 0 0 |
unde regi |
12 0 |
| " |
Roberti filii Aliciae |
1 6 8 |
" |
2 8 |
| " |
Willelmi filii Gilberti |
1 12 2 |
" |
3 2½ |
| " |
Willelmi filii Roberti |
1 11 2 |
" |
3 1½ |
| " |
Roberti Brun |
1 12 10 |
" |
3 3½ |
| " |
Thomae filii Radulphi |
1 8 4 |
" |
2 10 |
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| Totius villae de
Hadeston |
13 11 2 |
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27 1½ |
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| HADDISTON SUBSIDY ROLL, 1336. |
| Johannes Darcy, 8s.; Willelmus Cadman,
4s.; Willelmus filius Adae, 2s. 8d.; Robertus filius Adae,
6s.; Willemus filius Galfridi, 5s.; Willelmus Frankes, 3s.;
Robertus bercarius, 1s. 8d. Summa, 30s. 4d. |
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| Sir John Darcy, a distinguished soldier, was
constable of Norham, 1316-1317,
N and his arms,
azure, semy of crosses croslet, and three
cinquefoils argent, may still be seen on one of the remarkable
series of shields sculptured on the gatehouse of Bothal castle.
N He died 30th May, 1347, seised of the manors of Wooler and
Belford, with lands at Lowick, Easington, and elsewhere in
Northumberland, and also of the barony of his wife's ancestors at
Hadston,
N which, as is shown in the following table, continued for
many generations in their descendants : |
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DARCY OF HADSTON, AND OF KNAYTH IN LINCOLNSHIRE. |
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ARMS : Azure, semy of crosses crosslet, and three
cinquefoils, argent. Shield at Bothal castle. |
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[insert Darcy Pedigree] |
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| (a) Inq. p.m. John Darcy, 21 Edw. III. No. 54.
Guisbro'
Chartulary, Brown, i. p. 121. Surt. Soc. No. 86. |
| (b) Inq. p.m. John Darcy, miles, 30 Edw. III. No. 33.
Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 78. The
original of this inquisition is now too faded to be read. |
| (c) Inq. p.m. John fil. et heres Joh. Darcy de Knayth,
47 Edw. III. first numbers, No. II, taken at Felton, 16th
Nov., 1373. Writ, dated Westminster, 16th Oct., 47 Edw. III.
Cf. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 87. The
record of the finding of the jury is peculiar. ` Et dicunt
quod, Johannes Darcy frater ejus est propinquior heres
predicti, Johannis filii Johannis Darcy defuncti et est
etatis xxi annorum et dimidie.' |
| (d) Fourth Report of the Dep. Keeper or Public Records,
app. ii. p. 131. Guisbro' Chartulary, Brown, i. p. 121. |
| (e) Inq. p.m. Elizabeth filia et heres Nic. Meynil ch.
ux. Petri Malo Lacu prius nupta Joh. Darcy, 42 Edw. III. No.
44. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 83. |
| (f) Inq. for proof of age, 47 Edw. III. Fourth Report of
the Dep. Keeper of Public Records, app. ii. p. 137. Cf. Guisbro' Chartulary, i. p. 121. |
| (g) Inq. p.m. Philip Darcy, chi. 22 Ric. II. No. 17.
Writ, dated 28th April, 22 Ric. II. Printed in Ford Tithe
Case, p. 230. Cf. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. ii.
p. 261. |
| (h) Inq. p.m. Elizabetha quae fuit uxor Phillippi domini
de Darcy, 13 Hen. IV. No. 36, taken at Alnwick, 6th Sept.,
1412. Cf. Ford Tithe Case, p. 231 ; Hodgson, Northumberland,
pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 267; also Inq. p.m. 7 Hen. V. No. 78. |
| (i) Inq. p.m. Margareta ux' Johannis Darcy, miles, 32
Hen. VI. No. 15. Writ, dated Westminster, 15th June, 1454.
Ford Tithe Case, p. 237. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt.
iii. vol. ii. p. 275. |
| (k) Inq. p.m. Joh. Darcy, miles, 13 Hen. IV. No. 36,
taken at Newcastle, 2nd June, 1412. Writ, dated Westminster,
12th Dec., 1411. Cf. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol.
ii. p. 267. |
| (1) Test. Ebor. Raine, i. p. 254. Surt. Soc. No. 4. |
| (m) Ibid. p. 356. |
| (n) Ibid. ii. p. 244 n. Surtees Soc. No. 30.
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| (o) Inq. p.m. Philip Darcy, miles, fil' Joh. Darcy
domini Darcy, 7 Hen. V. No. 78. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt.
iii.
vol. ii. p. 268. |
| (p) Test. Ebor. Raine, iii. p. 289 n. Surt. Soc. No. 45. |
| (q) Inq. p.m. Alianora ux. Ph. Darcy, miles, 36 Hen. VI.
No. 30, taken at Morpeth, 6th Dec., 1457. Writ, dated
Westminster, 23rd Oct., 36 Hen. VI. Cf. Hodgson,
Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 277. |
| (r) Dugdale (ed. 1675), Baronage, i. pp. 371-3.
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In the partition of the
Darcy
estates between Philip, Lord Darcy's two co-heiresses, Hadston seems to
have fallen to the elder daughter, Elizabeth, who became the wife of Sir
James Strangeways of Harlsey castle near Northallerton, who, in 1461,
was Speaker of the House of Commons. After the death of his descendant,
Sir James Strangeways the younger, Hadston, in 1543, by a judicial
decision
N became the property (subject to Lady Strange-ways' dower) of
Robert Ross, son of Robert Ross of Ingmanthorp by his wife, Mary,
daughter and ultimately co-heiress of Sir James Strangeways the elder.
N
Ross was a spendthrift, and soon dissipated his patrimony. Hadston,
before 1568, was acquired by Robert Brandling of North Gosforth, whose
name in that year appears in the Feodary's Book for Northumberland.
N
The township of Hadston provided eight efficient men at the muster taken
on Alnwick Moor in 1538: a ninth man was returned as inefficient. |
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| HADSTON MUSTER ROLL, 1538.
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| Ed. Turpyng, Ed. Barde, Willme Bruyll,
Gylbt. Tyller, Garret Turping, John Bruyll, John Ellwod,
George Bruyll, able in horse and harness. Robt. Tayller, not
able. |
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At a similar muster taken on the Moot-law on the 26th of March,
1580, three horsemen only appeared from Hadston. On the 12th of March,
1589/90, at a Warden court held at Staweford, John Rey of Hadston
entered a bill against James Young of the Cove and his brother Mark,
Thomas Burn of Elisheugh, John and James Kar, sons of the laird of
Corbett, and others, who, he alleged, had stolen from him at Hadston in
Lent of the previous year insight gear and three mares.
N
The following will and inventory extracted from the registry at Durham
refer to a personal estate of a member of the family of William Browell,
whose name stands third upon the Muster Roll of 1538 and whose
descendants still remain in the district : |
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| 1611 (circa). Will of Lancelot Browell of Hadston,
yeoman. My body to be buried within the parish church of
Warkworth. I give to my father, John Browell, one oxe ; to
my son, John Browell, four oxen ; to my son, Edward Browell,
a foale ; to my son, Mark Browell, a foale ; and to my son,
Robert, another foale. ; I leave my son, John Browell, to
be tenant to the lord for the years which are to come.
1611.' Proved on the 26th of April, 1611.
1611, 18th April. Inventory of goods, etc., prased by Edward
N and William Turpin, Richard Wardell, and
Nicholas Whearer.
N Imprimis, 16 oxen, £32 ; 6 kyne, 4 quyes, 2
stots, 3 styrks, and 8 calves, £20 16s. ; sowen 9 boules of
wheat, estimated to 27 boules, £ 15 12s. ; sowen of rye a
loade, estimated to 6 boules, £2 ; 17 yewes and lambs, 9
yeald sheepe and 15 hogges, £10 16s. ; almeryes and other
implements of wodd belonginge to the house, £3 16s. 4d. ; a
caldron, 2 ceatles and 2 panns, 4 potts, 9 putter vessals,
and candlestickes and 2 salts, £3 7s. ; 3 coverlids, 4 plads,
4 pairs of sheates, etc., 2 cushins and 3 clothes, £3 6s.
8d. ; 3 naggs and 2 foales, £9 15s. 4d. ; 6 boules of wheatt
and 5 kenings of rye, £4 10s. ; 5 boules of oates, £1 1s.
8d. ; 4 boules of beanes, £1 8s. ;10 boules of blande malt
and 3 boules of oate malt, £4 15s.; 6 extres, 4s.; 1 oxe
harrowe, 7s. ; 2 longe waynes, 2 coupe waynes, 2 plowes and
plowirons, with all the furniture belonging to them, £3 9s.;
3 swyne and 3 pegges, 16s. 4d. ; a jacke, a jerkyne, a
doublet and a pair of briches, 10s.; a fyer croke and a pair
of tongues, 1s.; 23 heare of yearne, 5s.
Debts that the testator oweth. Item, to his maister, £8
16s. ; to the lord of Guystone (? Guyzance) £5 6s. 8d.; the
straites of the court of the earle of Northumberland, £1,
etc. |
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| Robert Brandling of North Gosforth, head of a wealthy Newcastle
family, was high sheriff of Northumberland in 1617. The following
extract from his rent roll indicates the value of Hadston at that period
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1615. A rental of my master, Mr. Robert
Brandling, esquier, his landes.
N
Hadston. Edward Turpin's farme, £5 ; Lancelot Browel's farme, £5 ;
Roger Boyd's farme, £6 ; Widowe Hall's farme, £6; Nicholas
Wharier's farme, £4; the two farms letten amongst the
tenants, £30; Peter Stafford's farm, £6 ; Robert Sothern's
farm, £4 10s. ; the rent of the warren, besides 120 coples
of rabbits, 3s. 4d.; the rent of the freeholde, 3s. 4d.;
Widowe Read for the farm on the Helm, £1 ; Mr. Hearon for
Gilspith, Pags-crooke, and Grenelonings, 13s. 4d. ; John
Lisle for the rent of Acton, 13s. 4d.; William Turpyn for
the windemylne there [i.e., at Hadston], £11. Total,
£80 3s. 4d. |
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| Sir Francis Brandling of Alnwick abbey (son and
heir of Robert Brandling), who was one of the knights of the shire for
Northumberland in 1623 and 1625, and died in 1641, sold Hadston to Sir
William Carnaby of Thernham, subject, as was afterwards alleged, to a
mortgage debt of £2,000 to Humphrey Shalcross of London, scrivener.
Hadston demesne was then held under a lease by Thomas Swan at the rent
of £60 a year.
N Carnaby's estates having been sequestered for delinquency,
Shalcross on the 27th of June, 1654, petitioned the committee for
compounding : |
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That Sr Francis Brandling
of Anwicke abby, in the county of Northumberland, knight, in
the ninth yeare of the late King Charles, became bound to
the peticoner in a statute staple, for the soume of two
thousand pounds, which said Sr Francis Brandling
att the tyme of the acknowledging of the said statute was
seized in fee of certaine lands, lying in the said county,
called Hadston, which said lands are lyable to the payment
of the said statute, but are now under sequestracon for the
delinquency of one Sr William Carnaby, knight,
deceased, who purchassed the same of the said Sr
Francis, but after the acknowledgment of the said statute.
The peticoner prayes in regarde the said statute is not paide
or any parte of the same, the hands of the Comonwealth may
be removed, and that he may be put into the possession of
the said lands untill the same be satisfied and paid. And in
pursuance theirof your honours will be pleased to grant your
order to the commissioners of Northumberland to examine and
certifie, and to your councell to state and report.
N |
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Jane Carnaby, Sir William's daughter and heiress,
was rated for Hadston in 1663 at £140, and carried it in marriage to Sir
Thomas Haggerston of Haggerston, Bart. She had no issue and her estates
descended to Sir Carnaby Haggerston, her husband's grandson by his first
marriage, with whose descendants
N Hadston remained until 1826, when it was sold by Sir Carnaby
Haggerston to Mr. Addison John Baker Cresswell of Cresswell.
No traces remain of the capital messuage or manor house, but
in the old grass field near the homestead of Hadston numerous mounds may
be seen which mark the foundation of ancient buildings. Neither does the
mill, so often mentioned as a valuable adjunct of the estate, exist ;
its site was near the boundary between the farm of Low Coldrife and
Togston Low-hall, about 100 yards from the road leading from Amble to
Low Coldrife.
N
In the old church-rate assessment the township of Hadston was
computed to comprise eight ancient farms, and pro rata it rebuilt
16 yards of Warkworth churchyard wall in 1794. It is now divided into
the four farms of Hadston, Hadston Link-house, High Coldrife, and Low
Coldrife, all of which belong to Mr. A. F. B. Cresswell.
N
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